1948 factory act pdf

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Lux Illumination level at workplace. Please send new amendment of legal register. Please enter your comment! Please enter your name here. You have entered an incorrect email address! Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. For factories built afterwards, there must be at least c. In calculating the space, an account is to be taken of space above 14 ft. Factories must be well lighted. Effective measures must be adopted to prevent glare or formation of shadows which might cause eyestrain.

Arrangements must be made to provide a sufficient supply of wholesome drinking water. All supply' points of such water must be marked "drinking water". No such points shall be within 20 ft.

Factories employing more than workers must cool the water during the hot weather. Latrines and Urinals. Every factory must provide' sufficient number of latrines and urinals. There must be separate provision for male and female workers.

Latrine and urinals must be kept in a clean and sanitary condition. In factories. Employing more than workers, they shall be of prescribed sanitary types. Summary of the provisions of the Factories Act regarding the safety of the workers are stated below: Sections 2l to Fencing ot machinery. All dangerous machinery must be securely fenced e. Work on or near machinery in motion.

Work on or near machinery in motion must be carried out only by specially trained adult male workers wearing tightly fitting c1othes. Employment of young persons on dangerous machines. No young person shall work at any danger us machine' unless he has been specially instructed as to the dangers and the precautions to be observed. Striking gear and devices for cutting off power.

In every factory suitable devices for Prof. Self-acting machines. Moving parts of a self-acting machine must not be allowed to come within 45 cms. Casing of new machinery. In all machinery installed after the commencement of the Act. Women and children near cotton Openers.

Hoists, lifts, chains etc, Every hoist and lift must be so constructed as to be safe. There are detailed rules as to how such safety is to be secured. There are similar provisions regarding lifting machines. Revolving machinery. Where grinding is. Steps must be taken to see that the safe speed is not exceeded. Pressure plant. Floors, stairs and means of access. All floors, steps, stairs, passage and gangways shall be of sound construction and properly maintained. Handrails shall be provided where necessary.

Safe means of access shall be provided to the place where the worker will carry on any work. Pits, sumps. Excessive weights. No worker shall be made to carry a load so heavy as to cause him injury. Protection of eyes. Effective screen or suitable goggles shall be provided to protect the eyes of the worker from fragments thrown off in course of any manufacturing process and from excessive light if any. Precautions against dangerous fumes. No person shall be allowed to enter any chamber.

In such space no portable electric light of more than 24 ,volts shall be used. Only a lamp or light of flame proof construction can be used in such space.

For people entering such space suitable breathing apparatus, reviving apparatus etc. Such places shall be cooled by ventilation before any person is allowed to enter. Explosive or inflammable gas etc. Extra precautionary measures are to be taken where such substances are worked at greater than the atmospheric.

Precaution in case of fire. Fire escapes shall be provided. Windows and doors shall be constructed to open outwards. The means of exit in case of the fire shall be clearly marked in red letters. Arrangements must be made to give warning in case or fire -sec. Specifications of defectives etc. If any building or machine is in a defective or dangerous condition, the inspector of factories can ask fer the holding of tests to determine how they can be made safe. He can also direct the adoption of the measure necessary to make them safe.

In case of immediate danger, the use of the Prof. Maintenance of Buildings. If the Inspector of Factories thinks that any building in a factory, or any.

Safety Officers. The State Government may notify to the occupier to employ a number of Safety Officers in a factory i wherein one thousand or more workers are ordinarily employed. The State Government may make rules providing for the use of such further devices for safety as may be necessary. In every factory adequate and suitable facilities for washing shall be provided and maintained.

They shall be conveniently accessible and shall be kept clean. There must be separate provisions for male and female workers.

Storing and drying. The State Government may make rules requiring the provision of suitable facilities for storing and drying clothing. Sitting facilities must be provided for workers who have to work in a standing position. So that they may take rest when possible. When work can be done in a sitting position efficiently the Chief Inspector may direct the provision of sitting arrangements. First aid. Every factory must provide first aid boxes or cupboard. They must contain the prescribed materials and they must be in charge of persons trained in first aid treatment.

Factories employing more than persons must maintain an ambulance roam containing the prescribed equipment and in charge of the prescribed medical and nursing staff-Sec. Where more than workers are employed. The state Government may require the opening of canteen or canteens for workers. Rules may be framed regarding the food served its management etc. In every factory where more than workers are employed there must be provided adequate and suitable shelters or rest.

The standards may be fixed by the State Government. In every factory where more than 30 women a employed, a room shall be provided for the use of the children below 6 years of such women.

The room shall be adequate size. The standards shall be laid down by the State Government. Welfare officers. Welfare officers must be appointed in every factory where or more workers are employed.

The State Government may prescribe the duties, qualifications etc. The State Government may make rules regarding the welfare of workers. No adult worker shall. Daily Hours. No adult worker shall be required or allowed to work in a factory for more than nine hours in any working day.

The daily maximum may be exceeded with the previous approval of the Chief Inspector, to facilitate change of shifts. Intervals for Rest. The periods of work of adult workers in a factory each day shall be so fixed that no period shall exceed five hours arid that no worker shall work for more than five hours before he has had an interval for rest of at least half an hour. The State Government or the Chief Inspector may, by order in writing, and for reasons stated therein, increase the work period to six.

The periods of work of an adult worker in a factory shall be arranged that inclusive of his intervals for rest under section 55, they shall not spread-over more than ten and half hours in any day.

The Chief Inspector may for specified reasons increase the spreadover up to twelve hours. Where a worker in a factory works on a. Work shall not be carried on in any factory by means of a system of shifts so arranged that more than one relay of workers is engaged in work of the same kind at the same time.

The State Government or the Chief Inspector may grant exemption from this rule. No adult worker shall be required or allowed to work in any factory on any day on which he has already been working in any other factory, save In such circumstances as may be prescribed. Notice of Periods of Work. There must be displayed in every factory a notice showing periods of work of adults, classification of workers in groups according to nature of their work, shifts and relays etc.

Change made in the system of work must be notified to the Inspector before change. The manager of every factory must maintain a Register of Adult Workers showing the name of each worker, the nature of his work, the group in which he is included, the relay in which he is allotted etc.

The hours of work of an adult worker- must correspond with the notice referred to above and the Register. No adult worker shall be required or allowed to work in any factory unless his name and other particulars have been entered' in the register of adult workers. By sections 64 and 65, the State Government has been given power to exempt for limited periods certain factories from compliance with some of the provisions relating to hours of work and employment.

Such exemptions are necessary in special cases, for example in the case of workers engaged in urgent repairs or in preparatory and complementary work. In some industries work if of an intermittent character and the enforcement of all the rules stated above will create hardship. The nature of the work in certain industries requires exceptional treatment, e. The State Government may exempt persons holding positions of supervision and management or in confidential positions in a factory from the operation of the rules regarding working hours except the rule against the employment of women at night.

Confidential Position. The State Government may empower the Chief Inspector to declare a person other than any person defined by such rules, as a person holding position of supervision or management or employed in. If any such person does not get more than Rs. Hours and Spreadover. Any exemption granted under Sec. This is a period of three consecutive months beginning on the 1st January, the 1st of April, the 1st of July or the 1st of October.

The State Government may by notification in the official Gazette vary the limits for any factory or group or class or description of Prof. But such variation must not authorize the employment of women between the hours 10 p. Exception: There is an exceptional case. The State Government may make rules providing for the exemption from the aforesaid restrictions wholly or partially or conditionally of women working in fish-curing or fish-canning factories. In factories, mentioned above, the employment of women beyond the hours specified is necessary to prevent damage to or deterioration in any raw material.

But such rules shall remain in force for not more than three years at a time. Other restrictions: There are other restrictions on the employment of women workers : 1.

No woman or young person shall be allowed to clean, lubricate or adjust any part of the machinery while the prime mover or transmission machinery is in motion or to work between moving parts, or between fixed and moving parts of any machinery which is in motion.

Cotton openers. No woman or child shall be employed in any part of a factory for pressing cotton in which a cotton opener is at work. If the feed-end of a cotton opener is in a room separated from the delivery-end by a partition extending to the roof or to such height as the Inspector may in a particular case specify in writing , women and children may be employed on the side of the partition where the feed-end is situated.

The State Government may make rules prescribing the maximum weights. In every factory wherein more than thirty women workers are ordinarily employed there shall be provided and main tained a suitable room or rooms for the use of children under the age of six years of such women. Dangerous operations. The State Government is empowered to make special rules for the purpose of controlling and regulating factories which carry on operations exposing women, young persons and other workers to a serious risk of bodily injury, poisoning or disease.

No child who has not completed his fourteenth year shall be required or allowed to work in any factory. Certificate of Fitness and Token. A child who has completed his fourteenth year or an adolescent shall not be required or allowed to work in any factory unless a he has been granted a certificate of fitness.

The Certificate of Fitness is a certificate granted to a child or adolescent by a Certifying Surgeon after examination: The certificate is given to a child if the surgeon is satisfied that he has completed his fourteenth year and has attained the prescribed physical standards.

The certificate is granted to an adolescent if the surgeon is satisfied that he has completed his fifteenth year and is fit for a full day's we in a factory. The certifying surgeon must have personal knowledge of the intended place of work and of the manufacturing process involved. The certificate is valid only for a period of 12 months. It may be granted subject to conditions e.

The certificate may be renewed and, if necessary, revoked. Any fee pa: able for the certificate must be paid by the occupier of the factory all must not be recovered from Prof. An adolescent who has been granted a certificate of fitness ant who carries a token is deemed to be an adult for the purposes of Chapter VI and VIII of the Act. VI deals with the hours of work of an adult and Ch. VIII deals with "annual leave. But no adolescent who has not attained the age of seventeen years shall be employed or permitted to work in any factory during night.

An adolescent who has not been granted a certificate of fitness, shall be deemed to be a child or the purposes of the Act,-Sec. Working hours for Children. The law regarding working hours for children are stated below. No child shall be employed or permitted to work in any factory- ' a for more than four and a half hours in any day; b during the night,. Explanation: For the purpose of this sub-section "night" shall mean a period of at least twelve consecutive hours which shall include the interval between 10 p.

The period of work of all children employed in a factory shall be limited to two shifts which shall not overlap or spread-over more than five hours each, and each child shall be employed in only one of the relays which shall not, except with the previous permission in writing of the Chief Inspector, be changed more frequently than once in a period of thirty days. The provisions of section 52 shaIl apply also to child workers, and in respect of any child.

See next ' Section. No child shall be required or allowed to work in any factory on any day on which he has already been working in another factory. Notice and Register.

A notice must be displayed showing clearly the periods of work of children. The manager of every factory must maintain a Register of child workers showing the name of each child worker, the nature of his work the group if any in which he is included the relay to which he is allotted and the number of his certificate of fitness. No child worker shall be required or allowed to work in any factory unless his name and other particulars have been entered in the register of child workers.

Factories Amendment Act, The hours of work of a child must correspond with the Notice and the Register. Medical Examination. Where an Inspector is of opinion that a person working as an adult is a young person, or that a young person is not fit to work, he may direct the manager of the factory to have the person medically examined by a certifying surgeon.

Other rules regarding the employment of young persons. No young person shall work at any dangerous machine unless he has been fully instructed as to. The State Government is to prescribe what machines are dangerous far the purpose of this section.

Certain restrictions an adolescents and children are stated in Sections 22 2 , 27, 34 and' 87 b. The State Government may make rules regarding the farms of the Certificate of Fitness, the procedure relating to their issue, and the physical standards to be attained by children and Prof.

There are also two general Acts the subject. The Children Pledging of Labour Act Act 11 of prohibits the making of agreements to pledge the labour of children and the employment of children whose labour has been pledged.

The Children Act of , and prohibit the employment of a child who has not completed his fifteenth year of age in any occupation connected with the transport of passengers, goods or mails by railway or connected with a part authority within the limits of any part.

The Act also prohibits the employment of a child, who has not completed his fourteenth year of age, in the processes set forth in the schedule to the Act.

Children between 15 and 17 can be employed subject to certain restrictions as regards their periods of rest etc The provisions are explained below. Weekly Holidays. Section 52 provides that an adult worker shall have a holiday on the first day of the week. But the manager of the factory may fix the holiday on any other day which is with three days before or after the first day of the week in case of such substitution; notice must be given to the Inspector of Factories an displayed in the factory.

No substitution can be made which will result in any worker working for more than ten days consecutively without a holiday for a whole day. The State Government may make rules providing for exemption from the above section in certain cases, e.

The Act ,can be applied to a State by notification of the State Government. Compensatory Holidays. Where as a result of the exemption of factory from the operation of the role regarding weekly holidays, a worker is deprived from any weekly holiday he shall be allowed within the month in which the holidays were due, or within two months immediately following that month, compensatory holidays of equal number to the holidays lost.

Annual Leave with Wages. Sections 78 to 84 provide for the grant of a certain period of leave with wages to workmen. Every worker who has worked for a period of days or more in a factory during a calendar year shall be allowed during the subsequent calendar year, leave with wages for a number of days calculated at the rate of i if an adult, one day for every twenty days of work performed by him during the previous calendar year; ii if a child, one day for every fifteen days of work performed by him during the previous calendar year.

Rules regarding the Annual Leave are summarized below : 1. When counting the number of days of work performed by a worker, the following are to be included: a days of lay-oft, b maternity leave to a female worker, not exceeding twelve weeks, and c the leave earned in the previous year.

But the worker shall not earn leave for these days.